Tungsten

183.84

About Tungsten

Tungsten Bohr Model

Though tin-rich minerals were plentiful in Germany’s Erzgebirge mountains during the Middle Ages, smelting the metal proved difficult due to the presence of substance that produced a heavy slag and leached tin away from the final yield. Frustrated metallurgists called this unwanted tin-“devouring” mineral wolf ram (wolf’s drool, cream, or soot, depending on translation), a pejorative term from which the mineral wolframite takes its name. In 1781, Carl Wilhelm Scheele predicted that the acid he had obtained by reducing a mineral named tungsten (from the Swedish tung sten, meaning “heavy stone”) contained a new element; two years later, when Spanish chemists José and Fausto Elhuyar obtained the same acid from the mineral wolframite, they succeeded in isolating the new element which they named wolfram. Confusingly, this element also came to be referred to as tungsten, while the mineral formally known as tungsten took on the name scheelite. “Wolfram” and “tungsten” remained co-listed in the nomenclature recommendations of the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) up until 2005, when tungsten became the transition metal’s only officially recognized name. Tungsten retains the elemental symbol of W, though, and is still referred to as wolfram by some chemists and scientists around the world.

Tungsten is a hard, extremely dense metal ranging in appearance from steel gray to silvery white. True to its name, tungsten is indeed heavy, but by far its most outstanding characteristic is its resistance to heat. High melting points are characteristic of the refractory metals (a group that also includes niobium, tantalum, rhenium, and molybdenum), but tungsten’s melting point of 3410 ± 20°C is the single highest of any metal--higher than the temperatures at which metals like aluminum would vaporize--and its boiling point of 5900°C is roughly equal to the temperature of the sun’s surface. Of all metals, tungsten also exhibits the highest tensile strength, lowest coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and lowest vapor pressure at elevated temperatures. Tungsten metal is also electrically conductive and possesses outstanding mechanical damping capability, extremely high resistance to corrosion, high moduli of elasticity and compression, excellent creep resistance, and the ability to absorb x-ray and gamma ray radiation.

Natural tungsten is composed of five isotopes with half-lives so long they are considered essentially stable. It is the heaviest element with a known biological function (used by some enzymes), and as such is not harmful to humans and animals in quantities typically encountered in the environment. The aforementioned scheelite and wolframite are the two main mineral sources of tungsten; other less common minerals include ferberite and hübnerite. Despite its assets, raw tungsten contains impurities that make it extremely brittle and difficult to machine; producing ultra-high purity tungsten increases its malleability and ductility while retaining its thermal stability, as does alloying it with other metals such as rhenium. Commercially, tungsten is typically produced in the form of ammonium paratungstate via a multi-step process of solvent extraction and crystallization of sodium tungstate extracted from concentrated ores. Recycling of tungsten scrap is also a significant source of industrial tungsten. Tungsten metal can be obtained by heating tungsten oxide with aluminum or by passing hydrogen gas over hot tungstic acid.

Its high melting point made tungsten an attractive material for use in early incandescent lamps, but overcoming the difficulty of drawing it into flexible wires was a challenge. In 1909 GE researcher William D. Coolidge developed a revolutionary process for producing ductile tungsten filaments for use in light bulbs and high-precision x-ray tubes. Coolidge’s colleague Irving Langmuir further advanced lighting technology by discovering that coating a tungsten filament with a single layer of thorium atoms and shaping it into a coil greatly enhanced performance, while using a non-reactive gas like argon or nitrogen and prevented the tungsten from overheating, opening the door for the wide use of tungsten filaments in television tubes and cathode ray tubes. Other consumer applications for tungsten include components of High Intensity Discharge (HID) and vacuum metallized reflector lamps, pigments for ceramic glazes and enamels, dyes, inks, and metal-to-glass seals due to its similar expansion rate to borosilicate glass.

Tungsten has applications in numerous industries and fields of study. The metal and its alloys are the choice material for high temperature, high pressure environments. Combining the metal with nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, tantalum, or rhenium yields uniquely dense and oxidation-resistant alloys and superalloys that are used in aircraft engines, turbine blades, furnace components, heating filaments, evaporation coils, melting crucibles, high voltage circuit breakers, balancing weights, vibration dampers, load-resistant crankshafts, base plates and heat spreaders, plasma spray gun nozzles, and magnetrons for microwave ovens. It is suitable as a nontoxic alternative to lead in ammunition and is frequently added to stainless steel to increase its strength. Typical tungsten-based precursors for catalysts and reagents include ammonium metatungstate, tungstic acid and ammonium paratungstate for use in lubrication, mineral separation and deNOx of emissions from chemical and power plants; tungsten oxide is a common petrochemical additive to decrease emissions and increase efficiency of hydrocarbon fuels. Tungsten carbide is an extremely dense material found in industrial machinery, cutting tools, abrasives, cermets, sports equipment, and some jewelry. “Cemented carbides” are produced by combining tungsten carbide with a nickel, copper, or iron via powder metallurgy or liquid sintering to create a flexible, high strength material that is one of the most versatile for engineering and tooling and is commonly employed as substrates and support for synthetic diamond or boron nitride cutting tips and drill bits. Tungsten electrodes doped with thorium, cerium, or other rare earth oxides are employed in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) or wolfram inert gas (WIG) welding. An effective neutron reflector, tungsten is frequently employed in nuclear reactors, collimators, and for x-ray and gamma ray shielding; the first imaging equipment involved x-ray bombardment of a tungsten target.

Tungsten compounds play a role in advanced optoelectronics, thermosolar cells, and other cutting-edge high technology applications. Thin films of tungsten oxide can be used as a component of smart windows; cadmium tungstate is a phosphor material used in light-emitting diodes. Tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) belong to a group known as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs or TMDCs) that have gained attention in recent years many for their ability to form two-dimensional 1-atom thick monolayers similar to graphene but with a larger band gap. Tungsten diselenide has been used to create an n-type field-effect-transistor (FET), demonstrating the potential for future low-power and high-performance tungsten-based integrated circuits.

Products

Compounds

Metallic Forms

Alloys

Oxide Forms

Organometallics

Nanomaterials

Sputtering Targets

Isotopes

Tungsten was first commercially used in incandescent and fluorescent light bulb filaments, and, later, in early television tubes. Tungsten expands at nearly the same rate as borosilicate glass and is used to make metal to glass seals. It is the primary metal in heating elements for electric furnaces and in many components where high pressure/ temperature environments are expected, such as aerospace and engine systems. Tungsten carbide is used in the production of industrial machinery, cutting tools, abrasives, and jewelry. Tungsten is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Elemental or metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes. Tungsten nanoparticles and nanopowders provide ultra-high surface area. Tungsten oxides are available in powder and dense pellet form for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. Tungsten fluorides are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Tungsten is also available in soluble forms including chlorides. These compounds can be manufactured as solutions at specified stoichiometries.

American Elements assists our Tungsten customers with fulfilling the due diligence reporting requirements of the Conflict Mineral Provision (Section 1502) of the Dodd-Frank Act.

Tungsten Properties

Tungsten is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of tungsten's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s². Tungsten Bohr Model The tungsten atom has a radius of 137.pm and its Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. In its elemental form, CAS 7440-33-7, tungsten has a grayish white, lustrous appearance. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements. Elemental Tungsten It is found in the minerals scheelite (CaWO₄) and wolframite [(Fe,Mn)WO₄]. Tungsten was first discovered by Torbern Bergman in 1781 and first isolated by Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar in 1783. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the Swedish words tung and sten meaning heavy stone.

General Properties

Symbol:	W
Atomic Number:	74
Atomic Weight:	183.84
Element Category:	transition metal
Group, Period, Block:	6, 6, d
Color:	grayish white, lustrous
Other Names:	Wolframium, Tungsténe, Wolframio

Physical Properties

Melting Point:	3422 °C, 6192 °F, 3695 K
Boiling Point:	5555 °C, 10031 °F, 5828 K
Density:	19.25 g·cm³
Liquid Density @ Melting Point:	17.6 g·cm³
Density @ 20°C:	19.3 g/cm³
Density of Solid:	19250 kg·m³
Specific Heat:	0.13 (kJ/kg K)
Superconductivity Temperature:	0.015 [or -273.135 °C (-459.64 °F)] K
Triple Point:	1941 K, 5.3 × 10 3 kPa
Critical Point:	13892 K, Mpa
Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol^-1):	35.2
Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol^-1):	824.2
Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol^-1):	848.1
Thermal Conductivity:	173 W·m^-1·K^-1
Thermal Expansion:	(25 °C) 4.5 µm·m^-1·K^-1
Electrical Resistivity:	(20 °C) 52.8 nΩ·m
Tensile Strength:	N/A
Molar Heat Capacity:	24.27 J·mol^-1·K^-1
Young's Modulus:	411 GPa
Shear Modulus:	161 GPa
Bulk Modulus:	310 GPa
Poisson Ratio:	0.28
Mohs Hardness:	7.8
Vickers Hardness:	3430 MPa
Brinell Hardness:	2570 MPa
Speed of Sound:	4620 m·s^-1
Pauling Electronegativity:	2.36
Sanderson Electronegativity:	0.98
Allred Rochow Electronegativity:	1.4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity:	N/A
Allen Electronegativity:	N/A
Pauling Electropositivity:	1.64
Reflectivity (%):	62
Refractive Index:	N/A

Chemical Properties

Electrons:	74
Protons:	74
Neutrons:	110
Electron Configuration:	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²
Atomic Radius:	139 pm
Atomic Radius, non-bonded (Å):	2.18
Covalent Radius:	162±7 pm
Covalent Radius (Å):	1.5
Van der Waals Radius:	200 pm
Oxidation States:	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, -2 (mildly acidic oxide)
Phase:	Solid
Crystal Structure:	body-centered cubic
Magnetic Ordering:	paramagnetic
Electron Affinity (kJ·mol^-1)	78.732
1^st Ionization Energy:	770 kJ·mol^-1
2^nd Ionization Energy:	770 kJ·mol^-1
3^rd Ionization Energy:	1700 kJ·mol^-1

Identifiers

CAS Number:	7440-33-7
EC Number:	231-143-9
MDL Number:	MFCD00011461
Beilstein Number:	N/A
SMILES Identifier:	[W]
InChI Identifier:	InChI=1S/W
InChI Key:	WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID:	23964
ChemSpider ID:	22403

Abundance

Earth - Total:	180 ppb
Mercury - Total:	139 ppb
Venus - Total:	189 ppb
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight:	0.12
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms:	0.004
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight:	1100
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms:	120
Sun - Total, ppb by weight:	4
Sun - Total, ppb by atoms:	0.03
Stream, ppb by weight:	0.03
Stream, ppb by atoms:	0.0002
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight:	120
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms:	10
Typical Human Body, ppb by weight:	N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by atom:	N/A
Universe, ppb by weight:	0.5
Universe, ppb by atom:	0.003

History

Discovered By:	Torbern Bergman
Discovery Date:	1781
First Isolation:	Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)

Health, Safety & Transportation Information for Tungsten

Tungsten is considered to be mildly toxic. Safety data for Tungsten and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the Products tab. The below information applies to elemental (metallic) Tungsten.

Safety Data
Signal Word	Danger
Hazard Statements	H228-H315-H319
Hazard Codes	F,Xi
Risk Codes	11-36/38
Safety Precautions	6-26/36
RTECS Number	YO7175000
Transport Information	N/A
WGK Germany	3
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling (GHS)

Review and Print SDS for Tungsten Metal

Create Printable PDF

SAFETY DATA SHEET

Date Created: 05/15/2015

Date Revised: 05/15/2015

SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION

Product Name: Tungsten Metal

Product Number: All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. W-M-02, W-M-03, W-M-04, W-M-05

CAS #: 7440-33-7

Relevant identified uses of the substance: Scientific research and development

Supplier details:
American Elements
1093 Broxton Ave. Suite 2000
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Tel: +1 310-208-0551
Fax: +1 310-208-0351

Emergency telephone number:
Domestic, North America +1 800-424-9300
International +1 703-527-3887

SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
The substance is not classified as hazardous to health or the environment according to the CLP regulation.
Classification according to Directive 67/548/EEC or Directive 1999/45/EC
Not applicable
Information concerning particular hazards for human and environment:
No information known.
Hazards not otherwise classified
No information known.
Label elements
Labelling according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Not applicable
Hazard pictograms
Not applicable
Signal word
Not applicable
Hazard statements
Not applicable
WHMIS classification
Not controlled
Classification system
HMIS ratings (scale 0-4)
(Hazardous Materials Identification System)
HEALTH
FIRE
REACTIVITY
0
0
0
Health (acute effects) = 0
Flammability = 0
Physical Hazard = 0
Other hazards
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
PBT:
Not applicable.
vPvB:
Not applicable.

SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Chemical characterization: Substances
CAS# Description:
7440-33-7 Tungsten
Identification number(s):
EC number:
231-143-9

SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of first aid measures
General information
No special measures required.
After inhalation
Seek medical treatment in case of complaints.
After skin contact
Generally the product does not irritate the skin.
After eye contact
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. If symptoms persist, consult a doctor.
After swallowing
If symptoms persist consult doctor.
Information for doctor
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
No further relevant information available.
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No further relevant information available.

SECTION 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing agents
Special powder for metal fires. Do not use water.
For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents
Water
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
If this product is involved in a fire, the following can be released:
Metal oxide fume
Advice for firefighters
Protective equipment:
No special measures required.

SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Not required.
Environmental precautions:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Do not allow product to reach sewage system or any water course.
Do not allow to penetrate the ground/soil.
Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:
Pick up mechanically
Prevention of secondary hazards:
No special measures required.
Reference to other sections
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for disposal information.

SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling
Precautions for safe handling
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
Information about protection against explosions and fires:
No special measures required.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage
Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:
No special requirements.
Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Do not store together with acids.
Further information about storage conditions:
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
Specific end use(s)
No further relevant information available.

SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

Additional information about design of technical systems:
No further data; see section 7.
Control parameters
Components with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:
7440-33-7 Tungsten (100.0%)
PEL (USA) and insoluble compounds, as We
REL (USA) Short-term value: 10 mg/m³
Long-term value: 5 mg/m³
as W
TLV (USA) Short-term value: 10 mg/m³
Long-term value: 5 mg/m³
as W
EL (Canada) Short-term value: 10 mg/m³
Long-term value: 5 mg/m³
as W
EV (Canada) Short-term value: 10* 3** mg/m³
Long-term value: 5* 1** mg/m³
(as tungsten; compds.:*water-insol.;**water-sol.
Additional information:
No data
Exposure controls
Personal protective equipment
General protective and hygienic measures
The usual precautionary measures for handling chemicals should be followed.
Maintain an ergonomically appropriate working environment.
Breathing equipment:
Not required.
Protection of hands:
Not required.
Penetration time of glove material (in minutes)
Not determined
Eye protection:
Safety glasses
Body protection:
Protective work clothing

SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Information on basic physical and chemical properties
General Information
Appearance:
Form: Solid in various forms
Color: Silver grey
Odor: Not determined
Odor threshold: Not determined.
pH-value: Not applicable.
Change in condition
Melting point/Melting range: 3410 °C (6170 °F)
Boiling point/Boiling range: 5900 °C (10652 °F)
Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined
Flammability (solid, gaseous)
Not determined.
Ignition temperature: Not determined
Decomposition temperature: Not determined
Auto igniting: Not determined.
Danger of explosion: Not determined.
Explosion limits:
Lower: Not determined
Upper: Not determined
Vapor pressure: Not applicable.
Density at 20 °C (68 °F): 19.3 g/cm³ (161.059 lbs/gal)
Bulk density at 20 °C (68 °F): 4000 kg/m³
Relative density
Not determined.
Vapor density
Not applicable.
Evaporation rate
Not applicable.
Solubility in / Miscibility with Water: Insoluble
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined.
Viscosity:
dynamic: Not applicable.
kinematic: Not applicable
Other information
No further relevant information available

SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Reactivity
No information known.
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
Decomposition will not occur if used and stored according to specifications.
Possibility of hazardous reactions
No dangerous reactions known
Conditions to avoid
No further relevant information available.
Incompatible materials:
Acids
Hazardous decomposition products:
Metal oxide fume

SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity:
The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) contains acute toxicity data for components in this product.
LD/LC50 values that are relevant for classification:
No data
Skin irritation or corrosion:
No irritant effect.
Eye irritation or corrosion:
No irritant effect.
Sensitization:
No sensitizing effects known.
Germ cell mutagenicity:
No effects known.
Carcinogenicity:
No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
Reproductive toxicity:
The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) contains reproductive data for this substance.
Specific target organ system toxicity - repeated exposure:
No effects known.
Specific target organ system toxicity - single exposure:
No effects known.
Aspiration hazard:
No effects known.
Subacute to chronic toxicity:
No effects known.
Additional toxicological information:
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.

SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Toxicity
Aquatic toxicity:
No further relevant information available.
Persistence and degradability
No further relevant information available.
Bioaccumulative potential
No further relevant information available.
Mobility in soil
No further relevant information available.
Additional ecological information:
General notes:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities to reach ground water, water course or sewage system.
Avoid transfer into the environment.
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
PBT:
Not applicable.
vPvB:
Not applicable.
Other adverse effects
No further relevant information available.

SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Waste treatment methods
Recommendation
Consult state, local or national regulations to ensure proper disposal.
Uncleaned packagings:
Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations.

SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

UN-Number
DOT, ADN, IMDG, IATA
Not applicable
UN proper shipping name
DOT, ADN, IMDG, IATA
Not applicable
Transport hazard class(es)
DOT, ADR, ADN, IMDG, IATA
Class
Not applicable
Packing group
DOT, IMDG, IATA
Not applicable
Environmental hazards:
Not applicable.
Special precautions for user
Not applicable.
Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code
Not applicable.
Transport/Additional information:
DOT
Marine Pollutant (DOT):
No

SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
National regulations
All components of this product are listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical substance Inventory.
All components of this product are listed on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL).
SARA Section 313 (specific toxic chemical listings)
Substance is not listed.
California Proposition 65
Prop 65 - Chemicals known to cause cancer
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, female
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, male
Substance is not listed.
Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
Other regulations, limitations and prohibitive regulations
Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) according to the REACH Regulations (EC) No. 1907/2006.
Substance is not listed.
The conditions of restrictions according to Article 67 and Annex XVII of the Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) for the manufacturing, placing on the market and use must be observed.
Substance is not listed.
Annex XIV of the REACH Regulations (requiring Authorisation for use)
Substance is not listed.
REACH - Pre-registered substances
Substance is listed.
Chemical safety assessment:
A Chemical Safety Assessment has not been carried out.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

Safety Data Sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH). The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. COPYRIGHT 1997-2016 AMERICAN ELEMENTS. LICENSED GRANTED TO MAKE UNLIMITED PAPER COPIES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY.

Tungsten Isotopes

Naturally occurring tungsten (W) has four stable isotopes: ¹⁸²W, ¹⁸³W, ¹⁸⁴W, and ¹⁸⁶W. Additionally, ¹⁸⁰W has an long half-life of 1.8 ± 0.2 Ea (10¹⁸ years).

Nuclide	Isotopic Mass	Half-Life	Mode of Decay	Nuclear Spin	Magnetic Moment	Binding Energy (MeV)	Natural Abundance (% by atom)
¹⁵⁸W	157.97456(54)#	1.37(17) ms	a to ¹⁵⁴Hf	0+	N/A	1221.35	-
¹⁵⁹W	158.97292(43)#	8.2(7) ms	a to ¹⁵⁵Hf; ß⁺ to ¹⁵⁹Ta	7/2-#	N/A	1229.43	-
¹⁶⁰W	159.96848(22)	90(5) ms	a to ¹⁵⁶Hf; ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁰Ta	0+	N/A	1246.83	-
¹⁶¹W	160.96736(21)#	409(16) ms	a to ¹⁵⁷Hf; ß⁺ to ¹⁶¹Ta	7/2-#	N/A	1254.9	-
¹⁶²W	161.963497(19)	1.36(7) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶²Ta; a to ¹⁵⁸Hf	0+	N/A	1262.98	-
¹⁶³W	162.96252(6)	2.8(2) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶³Ta; a to ¹⁵⁹Hf	3/2-#	N/A	1271.06	-
¹⁶⁴W	163.958954(13)	6.3(2) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁴Ta; a to ¹⁶⁰Hf	0+	N/A	1288.46	-
¹⁶⁵W	164.958280(27)	5.1(5) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁵Ta; a to ¹⁶¹Hf	3/2-#	N/A	1296.54	-
¹⁶⁶W	165.955027(11)	19.2(6) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁶Ta; a to ¹⁶²Hf	0+	N/A	1304.61	-
¹⁶⁷W	166.954816(21)	19.9(5) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁷Ta; a to ¹⁶³Hf	3/2-#	N/A	1312.69	-
¹⁶⁸W	167.951808(17)	51(2) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁸Ta; a to ¹⁶⁴Hf	0+	N/A	1320.77	-
¹⁶⁹W	168.951779(17)	76(6) s	ß⁺ to ¹⁶⁹Ta	(5/2-)	N/A	1328.85	-
¹⁷⁰W	169.949228(16)	2.42(4) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷⁰Ta; a to ¹⁶⁶Hf	0+	N/A	1346.25	-
¹⁷¹W	170.94945(3)	2.38(4) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷¹Ta	(5/2-)	N/A	1354.32	-
¹⁷²W	171.94729(3)	6.6(9) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷²Ta	0+	N/A	1362.4	-
¹⁷³W	172.94769(3)	7.6(2) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷³Ta	5/2-	N/A	1370.48	-
¹⁷⁴W	173.94608(3)	33.2(21) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷⁴Ta	0+	N/A	1378.56	-
¹⁷⁵W	174.94672(3)	35.2(6) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷⁵Ta	(1/2-)	N/A	1386.64	-
¹⁷⁶W	175.94563(3)	2.5(1) h	EC to ¹⁷⁶Ta	0+	N/A	1394.72	-
¹⁷⁷W	176.94664(3)	132(2) min	ß⁺ to ¹⁷⁷Ta	1/2-	N/A	1402.8	-
¹⁷⁸W	177.945876(16)	21.6(3) d	EC to ¹⁷⁸Ta	0+	N/A	1410.88	-
¹⁷⁹W	178.947070(17)	37.05(16) min	EC to ¹⁷⁹Ta	(7/2)-	N/A	1418.95	-
¹⁸⁰W	179.946704(4)	1.8(0.2)x10¹⁸ y	a to ¹⁷⁶Hf	0+	N/A	1427.03	0.12
¹⁸¹W	180.948197(5)	121.2(2) d	EC to ¹⁸¹Ta	9/2+	N/A	1435.11	-
¹⁸²W	181.9482042(9)	Observationally Stable	-	0+	N/A	1443.19	26.5
¹⁸³W	182.9502230(9)	Observationally Stable	-	1/2-	0.1177847	1441.95	14.31
¹⁸⁴W	183.9509312(9)	Observationally Stable	-	0+	N/A	1450.03	30.64
¹⁸⁵W	184.9534193(10)	75.1(3) d	ß^- to ¹⁸⁵Re	3/2-	N/A	1458.11	-
¹⁸⁶W	185.9543641(19)	Observationally Stable	-	0+	N/A	1466.19	28.43
¹⁸⁷W	186.9571605(19)	23.72(6) h	ß^- to ¹⁸⁷Re	3/2-	0.62	1474.27	-
¹⁸⁸W	187.958489(4)	69.78(5) d	ß^- to ¹⁸⁸Re	0+	N/A	1482.35	-
¹⁸⁹W	188.96191(21)	11.6(3) min	ß^- to ¹⁸⁹Re	(3/2-)	N/A	1481.11	-
¹⁹⁰W	189.96318(18)	30.0(15) min	Unknown	0+	N/A	1489.19	-
¹⁹¹W	190.96660(21)#	20# s [>300 ns]	Unknown	3/2-#	N/A	1497.27	-
¹⁹²W	191.96817(64)#	10# s [>300 ns]	Unknown	0+	N/A	1505.34	-