Roentgenium

111

280

About Roentgenium

Roentgenium Bohr

Roentgenium, a synthetic transactinide (or super heavy element), was first synthesized in 1994 at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI)) in Darmstadt, Germany. In 2004, IUPAC accepted the GSI’s suggestion of the name roentgenium in honor of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. In 1895, Röntgen recognized x-rays as a unique type of rays with special properties that made them uniquely useful in a variety of applications. Roentgenium itself, however, has no commercial applications and much remains unknown about its properties due to its extremely short half-life.

Roentgenium Properties

Roentgenium Bohr Model Roentgenium is a D-Block, Group 11, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Roentgenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 2 and its electron configuration is [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s¹. In its elemental form, Roentgenium's CAS number is 54386-24-2. Roentgenium was discovered in 1994 at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI)) in Darmstadt, Germany by Sigurd Hofmann, Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg. Roentgenium is a synthetic element that is not present in the environment. Little is known about the element, its appearance is unknown, and it has no known uses. Roentgenium is named after Wilhelm Röntgen, the physicist who discovered X-rays.

Roentgenium information, including technical data, properties, and other useful facts are specified below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity, and thermal properties are included.

General Properties

Symbol:	Rg
Atomic Number:	111
Atomic Weight:	281
Element Category:	transition metal
Group, Period, Block:	11, 7, d
Color:	unknown (presumably metallic/ silvery white/ gray)
Other Names:	Roentgenio

Physical Properties

Melting Point:	N/A
Boiling Point:	N/A
Density:	28.7 (predicted)
Liquid Density @ Melting Point:	N/A
Density @ 20°C:	N/A
Density of Solid:	24400 (predicted) kg·m³
Specific Heat:	N/A
Superconductivity Temperature:	N/A
Triple Point:	N/A
Critical Point:	N/A
Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Thermal Conductivity:	N/A
Thermal Expansion:	N/A
Electrical Resistivity:	N/A
Tensile Strength:	N/A
Molar Heat Capacity:	N/A
Young's Modulus:	N/A
Shear Modulus:	N/A
Bulk Modulus:	N/A
Poisson Ratio:	N/A
Mohs Hardness:	N/A
Vickers Hardness:	N/A
Brinell Hardness:	N/A
Speed of Sound:	N/A
Pauling Electronegativity:	N/A
Sanderson Electronegativity:	N/A
Allred Rochow Electronegativity:	N/A
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity:	N/A
Allen Electronegativity:	N/A
Pauling Electropositivity:	N/A
Reflectivity (%):	N/A
Refractive Index:	N/A

Chemical Properties

Electrons:	111
Protons:	111
Neutrons:	170
Electron Configuration:	[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s¹
Atomic Radius:	114 pm (predicted)
Atomic Radius, non-bonded (Å):	Unknown
Covalent Radius:	121 pm (predicted)
Covalent Radius (Å):	1.21
Van der Waals Radius:	N/A
Oxidation States:	5, 3, 1, 1 (predicted)
Phase:	Solid
Crystal Structure:	unknown
Magnetic Ordering:	unknown
Electron Affinity (kJ·mol^-1)	Unknown
1^st Ionization Energy:	1022.7 kJ·mol^-1(estimated)
2^nd Ionization Energy:	2074.4 kJ·mol^-1(estimated)
3^rd Ionization Energy:	3077.9 kJ·mol^-1(estimated)

Identifiers

CAS Number:	54386-24-2
EC Number:	N/A
MDL Number:	N/A
Beilstein Number:	N/A
SMILES Identifier:	N/A
InChI Identifier:	N/A
InChI Key:	N/A
PubChem CID:	N/A
ChemSpider ID:	N/A

Abundance

Earth - Total:	N/A
Mercury - Total:	N/A
Venus - Total:	N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight:	N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight:	N/A
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by weight:	N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by atoms:	N/A
Stream, ppb by weight:	N/A
Stream, ppb by atoms:	N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight:	N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by weight:	N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by atom:	N/A
Universe, ppb by weight:	N/A
Universe, ppb by atom:	N/A

History

Discovered By:	Sigurd Hofmann, Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg
Discovery Date:	1994
First Isolation:	N/A

Roentgenium Isotopes

Roentgenium (Rg) is an artificial element. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes.

Nuclide	Isotopic Mass	Half-Life	Mode of Decay	Nuclear Spin	Magnetic Moment	Binding Energy (MeV)	Natural Abundance (% by atom)
²⁷²Rg	272.15362(36)#	2.0(8) ms [3.8(+14-8) ms]	a to ²⁶⁸Mt	5+#,6+#	N/A	1933.11	-
²⁷³Rg	273.15368(65)#	5# ms	Unknown	N/A	N/A	1941.19	-
²⁷⁴Rg	274.15571(66)#	6.4(+307-29) ms	a to ²⁷⁰Mt	N/A	N/A	1949.27	-
²⁷⁵Rg	275.15614(74)#	10# ms	Unknown	N/A	N/A	1957.35	-
²⁷⁶Rg	276.15849(67)#	100# ms	Unknown	N/A	N/A	1965.43	-
²⁷⁷Rg	277.15952(66)#	1# s	Unknown	N/A	N/A	1973.51	-
²⁷⁸Rg	278.16160(68)#	1# s	a to ²⁷⁴Mt	N/A	N/A	1972.27	-
²⁷⁹Rg	279.16247(71)#	0.17(+81-8) s	a to ²⁷⁵Mt	N/A	N/A	1980.35	-
²⁸⁰Rg	280.16447(80)#	3.6(+43-13) s	a to ²⁷⁶Mt	N/A	N/A	1988.43	-
²⁸¹Rg	281.16537(100)#	1# min	SF; a to ²⁷⁷Mt	N/A	N/A	1996.51	-
²⁸²Rg	282.16749(95)#	4# min	a to ²⁷⁸Mt	N/A	N/A	2004.59	-
²⁸³Rg	283.16842(84)#	10# min	Unknown	N/A	N/A	2012.66	-