Darmstadtium

110

281

About Darmstadtium

Darmstadtium is a super-heavy radioactive element that does not exist in nature and breaks down in a matter of milliseconds following synthesis. Before it was synthesized, the element held the temporary name ununnilium (Uun). In 1994, the isotope ²⁶⁹Ds was conclusively synthesized at the GSI in Darmstadt, Germany by pelting a lead target with nickel ions for several days. The GSI team proposed naming it in honor of the city of Darmstadt, and the IUPAC accepted their proposal. Much remains unknown about darmstadtium due to its extreme instability, and it has no known commercial uses.

Darmstadtium Properties

Darmstadtium Bohr Model Darmstadtium is a D-Block, Group 10, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Darmstadtium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 17, 1 and its electron configuration is [Rn]7s¹5f¹⁴6d⁹. In its elemental form, Darmstadtium's CAS number is 54083-77-1. Made by fusing nickel atoms and lead atoms, Darmstadtium was first synthesized in 1994 at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI)) in Darmstadt, Germany by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg, under the direction of professor Sigurd Hofmann. Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is not present in the environment. Little is known about the element, its appearance is unknown, and it has no known uses. Darmstadtium was named after the city of Darmstadt, where it was discovered.

Darmstadtium information, including technical data, properties, and other useful facts are specified below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity, and thermal properties are included.

General Properties

Symbol:	Ds
Atomic Number:	110
Atomic Weight:	281
Element Category:	transition metal
Group, Period, Block:	10, 7, d
Color:	unknown (presumably metallic/ silvery white/ gray)
Other Names:	Darmstadtio

Physical Properties

Melting Point:	N/A
Boiling Point:	N/A
Density:	34.8 (predicted)
Liquid Density @ Melting Point:	N/A
Density @ 20°C:	N/A
Density of Solid:	27400 (predicted) kg·m³
Specific Heat:	N/A
Superconductivity Temperature:	N/A
Triple Point:	N/A
Critical Point:	N/A
Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol^-1):	N/A
Thermal Conductivity:	N/A
Thermal Expansion:	N/A
Electrical Resistivity:	N/A
Tensile Strength:	N/A
Molar Heat Capacity:	N/A
Young's Modulus:	N/A
Shear Modulus:	N/A
Bulk Modulus:	N/A
Poisson Ratio:	N/A
Mohs Hardness:	N/A
Vickers Hardness:	N/A
Brinell Hardness:	N/A
Speed of Sound:	N/A
Pauling Electronegativity:	N/A
Sanderson Electronegativity:	N/A
Allred Rochow Electronegativity:	N/A
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity:	N/A
Allen Electronegativity:	N/A
Pauling Electropositivity:	N/A
Reflectivity (%):	N/A
Refractive Index:	N/A

Chemical Properties

Electrons:	110
Protons:	110
Neutrons:	159
Electron Configuration:	[Rn]7s¹5f¹⁴6d⁹
Atomic Radius:	118 pm (predicted)
Atomic Radius, non-bonded (Å):	Unknown
Covalent Radius:	128 pm (predicted)
Covalent Radius (Å):	1.28
Van der Waals Radius:	N/A
Oxidation States:	8, 6, 4, 2, 0 (predicted)
Phase:	Solid (predicted)
Crystal Structure:	unknown
Magnetic Ordering:	unknown
Electron Affinity (kJ·mol^-1)	Unknown
1^st Ionization Energy:	955.2 kJ·mol^-1 (estimated)
2^nd Ionization Energy:	1891.1 kJ·mol^-1 (estimated)
3^rd Ionization Energy:	3029.6 kJ·mol^-1 (estimated)

Identifiers

CAS Number:	54083-77-1
EC Number:	N/A
MDL Number:	N/A
Beilstein Number:	N/A
SMILES Identifier:	N/A
InChI Identifier:	N/A
InChI Key:	N/A
PubChem CID:	N/A
ChemSpider ID:	N/A

Abundance

Earth - Total:	N/A
Mercury - Total:	N/A
Venus - Total:	N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight:	N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight:	N/A
Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by weight:	N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by atoms:	N/A
Stream, ppb by weight:	N/A
Stream, ppb by atoms:	N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight:	N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms:	N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by weight:	N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by atom:	N/A
Universe, ppb by weight:	N/A
Universe, ppb by atom:	N/A

History

Discovered By:	Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenberg, Sigurd Hofmann
Discovery Date:	1994
First Isolation:	N/A

Darmstadtium Isotopes

Darmstadtium (Ds) is an artificial element. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes.

Nuclide	Isotopic Mass	Half-Life	Mode of Decay	Nuclear Spin	Magnetic Moment	Binding Energy (MeV)	Natural Abundance (% by atom)
²⁶⁷Ds	267.14434(39)#	3(+6-2) µs	a to ²⁶³Hs	9/2+#	N/A	1903.16	-
²⁶⁸Ds	268.14380(54)#	100# µs	-	0+	N/A	1911.24	-
²⁶⁹Ds	269.14512(15)#	230(110) µs [179(+245-66) µs]	a to ²⁶⁵Hs	3/2+#	N/A	1919.32	-
²⁷⁰Ds	270.14472(31)#	160(100) µs [0.10(+14-4) ms]	a to ²⁶⁶Hs	0+	N/A	1927.4	-
²⁷¹Ds	271.14606(11)#	210(170) ms	a to ²⁶⁷Hs	11/2-#	N/A	1935.47	-
²⁷²Ds	272.14632(70)#	1# s	SF	0+	N/A	1943.55	-
²⁷³Ds	273.14886(14)#	0.17(+17-6) ms	a to ²⁶⁹Hs	13/2-#	N/A	1951.63	-
²⁷⁴Ds	274.14949(53)#	2# s	Unknown	0+	N/A	1959.71	-
²⁷⁵Ds	275.15218(48)#	2# s	Unknown	N/A	N/A	1958.47	-
²⁷⁶Ds	276.15303(65)#	5# s	Unknown	0+	N/A	1966.55	-
²⁷⁷Ds	277.15565(104)#	5# s	a to ²⁷³Hs	11/2+#	N/A	1974.63	-
²⁷⁸Ds	278.15647(73)#	10# s	Unknown	0+	N/A	1982.71	-
²⁷⁹Ds	279.15886(80)#	0.18(+5-3) s	SF; a to ²⁷⁵Hs	N/A	N/A	1990.79	-
²⁸⁰Ds	280.15980(91)#	11(6) s	SF; a to ²⁷⁶Hs	0+	N/A	1998.87	-
²⁸¹Ds	281.16206(78)#	9.6 s	a to ²⁷⁷Hs	3/2+#	N/A	1997.63	-